The Ukrainian air defense system demonstrates high efficiency in combating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and cruise missiles. A key role in this is played by modern electronic warfare (EW) means, capable of suppressing targets directly as they approach populated areas. This is evidenced by data published in a material by RBC-Ukraine.
Navigation Suppression Technologies
Ukrainian EW complexes hold a unique position in the world: they are capable of effectively suppressing "Shahed"-type drones at the final stage of flight, provided they operate in conjunction with radio reconnaissance (ELINT) systems and radars. For a successful interception of a single target, the coordinated work of two to ten tactical complexes is required, depending on the type of communication used by the drone.
The main principle of operation of stationary directional systems is the suppression of Mesh networks and CRPA antennas. This forces the UAV to lose orientation and circle in place until its fuel is completely exhausted. Simultaneously, the systems suppress GSM communication, depriving the drone of the ability to correct its course.
Furthermore, EW means use the method of massive data spoofing. For Shahed-type drones, GPS coordinates and flight altitude information are spoofed. As a result, UAVs lose their route, waste their fuel reserve, and crash without reaching their target.
Combating Cruise Missiles
The effectiveness of Ukrainian EW extends not only to drones but also to cruise missiles. Systems are capable of suppressing the operation of radio altimeters and optical navigation correction mechanisms. Loss of orientation forces missiles to deviate from their trajectory and fall outside planned targets.
It is important to understand that EW does not create a physical shield around a specific object, be it a port, factory, or elevator. Their function lies in disorienting and suppressing enemy munitions during their approach. Since various types of drones and missiles use unique navigation systems, there is no universal solution. To ensure protection, complex combinations of EW configurations are deployed, acting in synergy with other air defense means.
Interception Statistics and Tactics
According to the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, Oleksandr Syrsky, mass attacks by the Russian Federation force Ukraine to constantly seek new ways to protect the sky. In June, interceptor drones played a key role in intercepting "Shaheds".
In one month, the Defense Forces destroyed about 5,000 Shahed-type UAVs and other drones of this class. Statistics show the high effectiveness of the first echelon of interception: 55% of all destroyed strike drones were hit by crews using interceptor drones. Ukraine continues to increase the number of such drones monthly and is training new crews to strengthen the air shield.
